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发表于 2013-8-27 13:19:30
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很有用的短句翻译，学生们用得到
1. Environmental engineering has been defined as the branch of engineering that is concerned with protecting the environment from the potential, deleterious effects of human activity, protecting human populations from the effects of adverse environmental factors, and improving environmental quality for human health and well-being.（2页）
环境工程学是环境工程的分支学科，其研究内容包括①保护环境免受人类活动改造形成的潜在和不利影响②保护人类免受不利环境因素的影响③持续改善环境质量，以造福于人类健康与福祉。
2. An understanding of the nature of the environment and of human interaction with it is a necessary prerequisite to understanding the work of the environmental engineering.（2页）
了解环境性质以及环境与人类相互作用是了解环境工程师的先决条件。
3. Engineers must appreciate the fundamental principles of ecology, and design with the environment，so as not to impact adversely on especially fragile ecosystem。For example ，one of the most fragile of all ecosystem is the deep oceans ，yet ocean disposal of hazardous waste is seriously advocated by some engineers。The inclusion of ecological principles in engineering decisions is a major component of the environmental engineering profession。（6页）
环境工程师必须深入了解、重视生态学的基本原理，并应用生态学原理来规划环境，以免影响较脆弱的生态环境。例如：深海是所有生态系统中最脆弱的环境之一，但却有些工程师极力主张危险废物深海处置。因此充分考虑生态学基本原理是是环境工程职业在工程决策上的一个重要组成部分。
4. In a natural state, earth’s life forms live in equilibrium with their environment. The numbers and activities of each species are governed by the resources available to them。（11页）
在自然环境状态下，地球上生物与其生存环境之间处于一种相互适应、相互协调的动态平衡关系
5. As pollutants enter air ，water，or soil，natural processes such as dilution，biological conversions，and chemical reactions convert waste material to more acceptable forms and disperse them through a large volume。（17页）
6. The environmental engineer’s unique role is to build a bridge between biology and technology by applying all the techniques made available by modern engineering technology to the job of cleaning up the debris left in the wake of an indiscriminate use of that technology。（17页）？
7. For only by bringing technology into harmony with the natural environment can the engineer hope to achieve the goals of the professional---the protection of the environment from the potentially deleterious effects of human activity， the protection of human population from the effects of adverse environmental factors，and the improvement of environmental quality for human health and well-being。（18页）
8. The atmosphere，like a stream or a river，has natural，built-in self-cleansing processes without which the troposphere would quickly become unlivable for humans。Most of the air-pollution-control devices discussed in this chapter，for both stationary and mobile source，make use of some of the principles involved in the natural atmospheric cleansing processes。（34页）
9. When the various and sundry natural atmospheric cleansing mechanisms are overwhelmed by gaseous and particulate emissions，the effects of air pollution become increasingly more evident。Clothing is soiled，particles are deposited on buildings and other surfaces，plants are damaged，visibility is reduced，and human respiratory problems are increased。To prevent these and other evidence of air pollution，it is necessary to establish control procedures or to install control devices。But even with the application of the best available technology，low-level emission must ultimately be removed by natural atmospheric cleansing mechanisms。（35页）
10. In summary，for treatment of both domestic and industrial wastewaters，new technology，new processes，and new approaches，as well as modifications of old approaches，are the order of the day。The image today is no longer that of the “large concrete basins”，but one of a series of closely integrated unit operations。These operations both physical and chemical in nature，must be tailored for each individual wastewater。The chemical engineer’s skill in integrating these unit operations into effective processes makes him admirably qualified to design wastewater treatment facilities。（48页）
11. Some conjecture exists as to a precise definition for physical-chemical treatment。Although other systems might be considered，the only one discussed here is chemical clarification followed by dissolved organic removal。The first stage of treatment is designed to provide efficient suspended and colloidal solid removal along with phosphorus removal；the second operation removes a large percentage of the dissolved organic matter。（56页）？
12. Biological reactions may be classified as aerobic，anaerobic，or photosynthetic according to the predominant type of microbial activity and all three are of importance in biological processes used for wastewater treatment。These are several basic principles which are common to all three of these classifications.（59页）
13. No city or industry lives in isolation from its neighbors，and this is particularly true of the waste discharges matter of a community。The decision to discharge wastes into a stream affects many communities。A regional approach to waste treatment can attempt to eliminate ill-advised or irresponsible decision-making。（67页）
14. Solid wastes are all the wastes arising from human and animal activities that are normally solid and that are discarded as useless or unwanted。（73页）
15. Solid wastes，as noted previously，include all solid or semisolid material that is no longer considered of sufficient value to retain in a given setting。（77页）
16. The overall objective of solid-waste management is to minimize the adverse environmental effects caused by the indiscriminate disposal of solid wastes，especially of hazardous wastes。（81页） |
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发表于 2014-11-16 16:26:13