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[讨论贴] 臭氧在小区二次供水应用讨论

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发表于 2013-11-6 13:17:38 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><br></p>

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">臭氧消毒工艺设计</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">(</span><span lang="EN-US">1</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">)工艺流程</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">由空气(或氧气)通过臭氧发生器生成的臭氧,通过水射器与水混合,接着进入清水池进行充分的接触混合与反应,然后由水泵输送至小区管网。</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">(</span><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">)气源</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">气源的选择要结合臭氧发生量、场地条件、能耗、运行管理、维护等因素综合考虑。臭氧发生器的气源为空气和氧气。采用空气为气源时,由于空气中含有较高的水分和灰尘,不仅影响臭氧的产量,而且会破坏介电体,因此需对空气进行除尘和脱水干燥,但省去了气源费用。以氧气为气源时,相比空气气源,耗电量小,节省动力费用,占地少,但购买氧气也增加了运行成本,并且需经常更换氧气瓶,日常管理麻烦。考虑到电力供应充足,消毒间比较宽敞,工程选用空气为气源。</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">(</span><span lang="EN-US">3)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">臭氧投加量</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp; </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">臭氧的杀菌效果主要取决于水中臭氧的含量、臭氧气体在水中的分散程度(即混合是否均匀、充分)、臭氧与水接触的时间。水中臭氧的浓度含量越高,杀菌的效果就越好,但并不是投加量越多越好,多了不但造成浪费,而且有可能在用户使用的时候,带来身体不适感。同时投加时还要考虑水质状况,对二次供水工程,由于原水水质较好,臭氧投加量一般为</span><span lang="EN-US">0.5</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">~</span><span lang="EN-US">1.5 mg/L</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">,本工程取</span><span lang="EN-US">1.0 mg/L</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">,为了减少投加时间,投加量定为</span><span lang="EN-US">180g/h</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">。可拨</span><span lang="EN-US">153*7360*3101.</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">(</span><span lang="EN-US">4</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">)投加混合方式</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">常用的投加混合方式一般有三种:</span><span lang="EN-US">1.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">采用固定螺旋管道混合器,把其安装在清水池的进水管上,臭氧与水在混合器混合后进入清水池;</span><span lang="EN-US">2.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">采用射流器(水射器),这是一种比较常用的气水混合装置,可安装在清水池进水管上,直接利用进水管内的压力进行水气混合,然后进入清水池,或者从水泵总出水管接一条管道,进入射流器与臭氧混合后进入水池,而不必通过进水管。</span><span lang="EN-US">3.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">采用臭氧接触氧化塔或接触氧化池。水进入接触塔或接触池与臭氧混合后,再进入清水池。方式</span><span lang="EN-US">1</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">与方式</span><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">简化了工程设计,占地面积少,成本低,方式</span><span lang="EN-US">3</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">虽然占地面积大,成本高,但混合效果好。可根据经济条件、场地、水质状况进行选用,也可相互配合使用。本工程采用方式</span><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">,从水泵总出水管接一条管道,进行气水混合,投加点在清水池底部,我们特别设计了一组呈放射状的接触混合管,每个管上留有许多小孔,以便与水充分混合。</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">(</span><span lang="EN-US">5</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">)投加时间的控制</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">理论上讲,应该</span><span lang="EN-US">24</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">小时连续投加臭氧,这样能保持持续消毒作用,水质不至于二次污染恶化。但以往臭氧消毒应用经验表明,这样不仅浪费,有可能到用户终端臭氧浓度过高,吸入人体后不利于健康。只要能保证充足的接触时间,消毒效果就会理想。设计每天投加次数</span><span lang="EN-US">6</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">次,平均每</span><span lang="EN-US">4 h</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">一次,每次</span><span lang="EN-US">1h</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">。</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">(</span><span lang="EN-US">6</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">)设备选择</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">选用空气型高频臭氧发生器,臭氧产量</span><span lang="EN-US">180g/h</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">,额定功率</span><span lang="EN-US">2.7Kw</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">。设备包括空压机、冷却器、过滤器、干燥器、臭氧发生器。</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US">3.4 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">使用效果及存在的问题</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:5.25pt;text-indent:21.0pt"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">自工程投入使用以来,臭氧发生器运行稳定,消毒效果比较理想,没有一次水质二次污染事故发生,居民反映良好。根据多次取水样化验,水质无恶化情况,个别指标甚至优于出厂水水质。</span></p>
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